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/* Copyright (c) 2010-2011 mbed.org, MIT License
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software
* and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
* restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
* distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
* substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
* NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
* DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#ifndef MIDIMESSAGE_H
#define MIDIMESSAGE_H
#include "mbed.h"
#define MAX_MIDI_MESSAGE_SIZE 256 // Max message size. SysEx can be up to 65536 but 256 should be fine for most usage
// MIDI Message Format
//
// [ msg(4) | channel(4) ] [ 0 | n(7) ] [ 0 | m(7) ]
//
// MIDI Data Messages (Channel Specific)
//
// Message msg n m
// ---------------------------------------------
// Note Off 0x8 Key Velocity
// Note On 0x9 Key Velocity
// Polyphonic Aftertouch 0xA Key Pressure
// Control Change 0xB Controller Value
// Program Change 0xC Program -
// Channel Aftertouch 0xD Pressure -
// Pitch Wheel 0xE LSB MSB
#define CABLE_NUM (0<<4)
/** A MIDI message container */
class MIDIMessage {
public:
MIDIMessage() : length(4) {}
MIDIMessage(uint8_t *buf) : length(4) {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
data[i] = buf[i];
}
// New constructor, buf is a true MIDI message (not USBMidi message) and buf_len true message length.
MIDIMessage(uint8_t *buf, int buf_len) {
length=buf_len+1;
// first byte keeped for retro-compatibility
data[0]=0;
for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++)
data[i+1] = buf[i];
}
// create messages
/** Create a NoteOff message
* @param key Key ID
* @param velocity Key velocity (0-127, default = 127)
* @param channel Key channel (0-15, default 0)
* @returns A MIDIMessage
*/
static MIDIMessage NoteOff(int key, int velocity = 127, int channel = 0) {
MIDIMessage msg;
msg.data[0] = CABLE_NUM | 0x08;
msg.data[1] = 0x80 | (channel & 0x0F);
msg.data[2] = key & 0x7F;
msg.data[3] = velocity & 0x7F;
return msg;
}
/** Create a NoteOn message
* @param key Key ID
* @param velocity Key velocity (0-127, default = 127)
* @param channel Key channel (0-15, default 0)
* @returns A MIDIMessage
*/
static MIDIMessage NoteOn(int key, int velocity = 127, int channel = 0) {
MIDIMessage msg;
msg.data[0] = CABLE_NUM | 0x09;
msg.data[1] = 0x90 | (channel & 0x0F);
msg.data[2] = key & 0x7F;
msg.data[3] = velocity & 0x7F;
return msg;
}
/** Create a PolyPhonic Aftertouch message
* @param key Key ID
* @param pressure Aftertouch pressure (0-127)
* @param channel Key channel (0-15, default 0)
* @returns A MIDIMessage
*/
static MIDIMessage PolyphonicAftertouch(int key, int pressure, int channel = 0) {
MIDIMessage msg;
msg.data[0] = CABLE_NUM | 0x0A;
msg.data[1] = 0xA0 | (channel & 0x0F);
msg.data[2] = key & 0x7F;
msg.data[3] = pressure & 0x7F;
return msg;
}
/** Create a Control Change message
* @param control Controller ID
* @param value Controller value (0-127)
* @param channel Controller channel (0-15, default 0)
* @returns A MIDIMessage
*/
static MIDIMessage ControlChange(int control, int value, int channel = 0) {
MIDIMessage msg;
msg.data[0] = CABLE_NUM | 0x0B;
msg.data[1] = 0xB0 | (channel & 0x0F);
msg.data[2] = control & 0x7F;
msg.data[3] = value & 0x7F;
return msg;
}
/** Create a Program Change message
* @param program Program ID
* @param channel Channel (0-15, default 0)
* @returns A MIDIMessage
*/
static MIDIMessage ProgramChange(int program, int channel = 0) {
MIDIMessage msg;
msg.data[0] = CABLE_NUM | 0x0C;
msg.data[1] = 0xC0 | (channel & 0x0F);
msg.data[2] = program & 0x7F;
msg.data[3] = 0x00;
return msg;
}
/** Create a Channel Aftertouch message
* @param pressure Pressure
* @param channel Key channel (0-15, default 0)
* @returns A MIDIMessage
*/
static MIDIMessage ChannelAftertouch(int pressure, int channel = 0) {
MIDIMessage msg;
msg.data[0] = CABLE_NUM | 0x0D;
msg.data[1] = 0xD0 | (channel & 0x0F);
msg.data[2] = pressure & 0x7F;
msg.data[3] = 0x00;
return msg;
}
/** Create a Pitch Wheel message
* @param pitch Pitch (-8192 - 8191, default = 0)
* @param channel Channel (0-15, default 0)
* @returns A MIDIMessage
*/
static MIDIMessage PitchWheel(int pitch = 0, int channel = 0) {
MIDIMessage msg;
int p = pitch + 8192; // 0 - 16383, 8192 is center
msg.data[0] = CABLE_NUM | 0x0E;
msg.data[1] = 0xE0 | (channel & 0x0F);
msg.data[2] = p & 0x7F;
msg.data[3] = (p >> 7) & 0x7F;
return msg;
}
/** Create an All Notes Off message
* @param channel Channel (0-15, default 0)
* @returns A MIDIMessage
*/
static MIDIMessage AllNotesOff(int channel = 0) {
return ControlChange(123, 0, channel);
}
/** Create a SysEx message
* @param data SysEx data (including 0xF0 .. 0xF7)
* @param len SysEx data length
* @returns A MIDIMessage
*/
static MIDIMessage SysEx(uint8_t *data, int len) {
MIDIMessage msg=MIDIMessage(data,len);
return msg;
}
// decode messages
/** MIDI Message Types */
enum MIDIMessageType {
ErrorType,
NoteOffType,
NoteOnType,
PolyphonicAftertouchType,
ControlChangeType,
ProgramChangeType,
ChannelAftertouchType,
PitchWheelType,
AllNotesOffType,
SysExType
};
/** Read the message type
* @returns MIDIMessageType
*/
MIDIMessageType type() {
switch((data[1] >> 4) & 0xF) {
case 0x8: return NoteOffType;
case 0x9: return NoteOnType;
case 0xA: return PolyphonicAftertouchType;
case 0xB:
if(controller() < 120) { // standard controllers
return ControlChangeType;
} else if(controller() == 123) {
return AllNotesOffType;
} else {
return ErrorType; // unsupported atm
}
case 0xC: return ProgramChangeType;
case 0xD: return ChannelAftertouchType;
case 0xE: return PitchWheelType;
case 0xF: return SysExType;
default: return ErrorType;
}
}
/** Read the channel number */
int channel() {
return (data[1] & 0x0F);
}
/** Read the key ID */
int key() {
return (data[2] & 0x7F);
}
/** Read the velocity */
int velocity() {
return (data[3] & 0x7F);
}
/** Read the controller value */
int value() {
return (data[3] & 0x7F);
}
/** Read the aftertouch pressure */
int pressure() {
if(type() == PolyphonicAftertouchType) {
return (data[3] & 0x7F);
} else {
return (data[2] & 0x7F);
}
}
/** Read the controller number */
int controller() {
return (data[2] & 0x7F);
}
/** Read the program number */
int program() {
return (data[2] & 0x7F);
}
/** Read the pitch value */
int pitch() {
int p = ((data[3] & 0x7F) << 7) | (data[2] & 0x7F);
return p - 8192; // 0 - 16383, 8192 is center
}
uint8_t data[MAX_MIDI_MESSAGE_SIZE+1];
uint8_t length;
};
#endif
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